The effect of Hookah Smoking on Levels of Lipid Profiles and Some Heavy Metal Concentrations

Abstract

The current study aimed to identify the effect of hookah smoking on the health of smokers of this type of smoking, as this phenomenon has spread widely in the recent period among all segments of society, especially among young men and women. Samples for the current study were collected from people who used this type of smoking from the month of December. 2023 until February 2024, with 95 samples⸲, where some physiological variables were measured, which included (blood pressure, lipid profile and heavy metals ) and it was compared with (30) blood samples collected from healthy people and non-smokers. As a control group. The results of the current study showed clear variations in the numbers, values, and concentrations of these variables studied under the current study. ⸲ Blood pressure among those who smoked this type of smoking increased by (52.63%). In terms of lipid profile, most of them showed an increase in their levels in the serum of these smokers, and also according to the type of flavor and the number of flavors. The highest increase in the level of total cholesterol and triglycerides in the serum of these smokers was (209.75) and (250.50), and in the mixed flavor, as for the number of flavors, it was Their highest levels were (241) and (290), respectively, when the number of traces was (more than 7) traces in the serum of hookah smokers. While the level of low-density lipoproteins showed its highest level of (119.95) in the serum of people smoking the mixed flavor in When it reached its highest level, it was (140) and in the serum of people who had a number of ages (more than 7) ⸲ while the level of very low-density lipoproteins showed its highest level, which was (51.70), in the serum of people who smoked the flavor of the mixture, while it reached its highest level. It is (62) and in the serum of people who have a number of ages (more than 7). While concentrations of lead and cadmium showed a bioaccumulation in the blood serum of these people who smoked hookah compared to the control group.provide insights into how effective each model is in identifying vulnerabilities.