Effect of zeolite on growth, yield, and active substances of genotypes of Roselle (Hibiscus sabdariffa L.) and its Half–Diallel Crosses

Abstract

Two field experiments were conducted on the private farms of a farmer in the village of Al-Jilawiyah in Al-Musayyab district (40 km north of the center of Babylon province) for the years 2021 and 2023 for the purpose of studying some genetic features of four genotypes of Roselle and their Half – Diallel Crosses. They gave the following results:The eggplant cultivar excelled in all the studied traits (plant height, chlorophyll content of leaves, number of branches in the plant, number of bolls in the plant, total yield of sepal leaves and anthospanin content), giving averages of (184.86 cm, 42.83 spad, 48.30 leaves.plant ^-1, 153.50 bolls.Plant ^-1, 1208.16 kg ha -1, 0.338%) respectively. As for the hybrids, the hybrid (1*2) excelled on the other hybrids by giving it the highest average for the studied traits (plant height, chlorophyll content of the leaves, number of branches, number of bolls in the plant, anthocyanin content, giving the averages (191.98 cm, 43.04 spad, 50 branches. plant ^-1, 157.22 bolls.plant ^-1, 0.345%), respectively.

As for the hybrid strength, the hybrid (1*2) excelled giving it the highest hybrid strength at level Z 10, amounting to 19.97%, while the hybrid (2*4) gave it the lowest hybrid strength at level Z10, amounting to - 0.30%. As for the gene action, it gave the trait of chlorophyll content the highest percentage of heritability in the broad sense, amounting to 99.48%, at the level Z 10, while it gave the lowest percentage of heritability in the broad sense, amounting to 75.65%, for the trait of plant height, at the level Z 10. As for the heritability rate in the narrow sense, it reached its highest average of 60.06% for the trait number of branches at level Z 20. While it gave the lowest percentage of heritability in the narrow sense of 4.16% at the Z10 level. The average degree of dominance was 4.44% for the trait of plant height, while the lowest value for the average degree of heritability was 1.27 for the trait of the number of bolls. plant^-1.