Blaschko-Linear Dermatoses: Lichen Striatus with Blaschkitis

Abstract

Lichen striatus is a rare dermatological condition predominantly affecting pediatric populations, characterized by an erythematous rash of elevated papules forming linear bands along Blaschko's lines. Its etiology remains unclear, though links to environmental factors and atopy are suggested. Blaschkitis, another uncommon inflammatory condition, presents with pruritic papules and vesicular eruptions along the same lines, thought to result from genetically abnormal keratinocytes triggering a T-cell mediated response. This report details a case of a 13-year-old female presenting with hyperpigmented lesions in the axilla, leading to a differential diagnosis of lichen striatus, blaschkitis, and melanocytic nevi. Histopathological analysis confirmed findings consistent with lichen striatus and features of blaschkitis. While the occurrence of these conditions together is rare, their potential interplay warrants further investigation to enhance understanding of their pathophysiology and inform therapeutic approaches. This case highlights the need for continued research into these enigmatic dermatological disorders, particularly within pediatric populations.