Early Experience in Lateral Intercostal Artery Perforator Flap in Oncoplastic Breast Surgery in Breast Conservation Therapy

Abstract

Introduction: Breast cancer remains the most prevalent cancer among women worldwide, significantly impacting health outcomes. Breast-conserving surgery (BCS) has become a cornerstone of early-stage breast cancer management, offering oncological safety and superior aesthetic outcomes compared to mastectomy. Oncoplastic breast surgery (OBS), incorporating techniques like the Lateral Intercostal Artery Perforator (LICAP) flap, bridges this gap by enhancing breast reconstruction through natural tissue restoration. This study evaluates the effectiveness of LICAP flap reconstruction in achieving satisfactory cosmetic outcomes post-BCS.
Methods: Thirteen women with early-stage breast cancer, aged 35-60 years, underwent BCS with LICAP flap reconstruction. Preoperative imaging, histopathological assessment, and Doppler mapping were utilized for surgical planning. Postoperative outcomes were assessed using standardized photographic analysis, the Surgeon-Assessed Scoring System (SASS), the Patient and Observer Scar Assessment Scale (POSAS), and patient satisfaction scores on a 0–10 numeric rating scale. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 16, with statistical significance set at p < 0.05.
Results: The LICAP flap demonstrated excellent outcomes, with mean patient satisfaction scores of 8.2 and SASS scores of 8.2. Aesthetic evaluations showed excellent breast symmetry in 10 patients and good symmetry in 3. Scars were highly noticeable (mean score: 8.3, p < 0.001), but complications were minimal, with only one mild infection managed conservatively.
Conclusion: The LICAP flap is a reliable oncoplastic tool, yielding high patient satisfaction and superior cosmetic outcomes. Despite minor limitations, such as noticeable scarring, its low complication rate and efficacy in addressing tissue loss validate its clinical application. Further studies with larger sample sizes and extended follow-ups are warranted.