Analysis Of Clinical And Radiological Outcome Post Single-Stage Posterior-Only Correction Surgery Of Kyphotic Deformity In Spinal Tuberculosis

Abstract

Tuberculosis (TB) is a widespread infectious disease affecting around 2 billion people, with 5 to 15 % showing symptoms. Spinal tuberculosis constitutes 15% of extra-pulmonary TB cases. Patients may face significant deformities and complications, such as neurological deficits and severe pain. Researchers are investigating the clinical and radiological outcomes post single-stage posterior-only correction of kyphotic deformity in tuberculous spondylitis patients. Kyphotic deformity was measured by measuring Cobb angle on sagittal radiograph. The neurological status was assesed using the American Spinal Injury Association (ASIA) Impairment Scale. Functional level was assessed based on the Oswestry Disability Index (ODI). Total of 31 samples were collected averaging 40.8 years in age. The average onset was 7.5 months, and the most affected vertebra was T12. Postoperative Oswestry Disability Index (ODI) scores showed significant improvement (68.13 to 26.32, p < 0.001). The ASIA impairment scale assessed neurologic outcomes, showing significant improvement post-surgery, with a notable p value of <0.001. Kyphotic angle reduced significantly from avarage 30.71 degrees preoperatively to 10.31 degrees (p < 0.001) postoperatively, with minimal correction loss after 6 months (average 0.54 degrees). The posterior approach for correcting kyphosis deformity in tuberculous spondylitis yields positive clinical and radiologic results. It is recommended as a surgical treatment option, but the choice of technique should be tailored to the individual clinical situation and the surgeon's expertise and resources.