Impact Of Beekeeping Practices On Biodiversity And Public Health In The Batna Region, Algeria

Abstract

This study assesses the impact of beekeeping practices on wild pollinators and biodiversity in the Batna region (eastern Algeria) based on surveys conducted among beekeepers and data provided by the Directorate of Agricultural Services (DSA). The results reveal an overwhelming predominance of the Tellian bee (Apis mellifera intermissa), representing 95% of the colonies, compared to only 5% for the Saharan bee (Apis mellifera sahariensis), as well as a strong preference for modified Langstroth hives (90% of cases). These intensive practices are correlated with a worrying reduction in wild pollinator diversity, with an estimated 40% decline in areas with high hive density, such as Ichemoul, where 70% of beekeepers report a significant decline. In addition, 60% of beekeepers report a decrease in local melliferous plants (thyme, rosemary), particularly in transhumance areas (70% of farmers). The use of chemical miticides by 80% of beekeepers and the emergence of resistance in Varroa mites (observed by 40% of respondents) aggravate these ecological pressures. These results highlight the urgency of adopting sustainable beekeeping practices, including regulating hive density, restoring floral habitats, and developing alternatives to chemical treatments to safeguard the sanitary quality of honey for human consumption, protect local ecosystems and pollination services, and promote public health.