Investigation of Pharmacological Screening Techniques for Diabetes Mellitus

Abstract

Diabetes is the medical term for a condition in which the body fails to generate or use insulin as intended, leading to high blood sugar levels. Both in-vitro and in-vivo techniques are employed to assess the antidiabetic potential of synthetic or natural compounds that have been extracted from conventional plants. The rat paw oedema method is frequently used to screen anti-inflammatory medications. The use of animals in this procedure has drawbacks related to ethical concerns. We proposed an in vitro system in this context that would not have these drawbacks. Rat in vivo experiments are frequently used to screen anti-hyperlipidemic medications. Pharmacological screening currently entails testing novel chemical entities as plant extracts or any other type of material (synthetic or semisynthetic) in isolated preparations before testing on entire animals. Rats and mice are typically used, but occasionally higher animals like dogs and monkeys are as well. These techniques have been used to assess the majority of medications now used in therapy. Wherever possible, non-animal alternatives are being developed. Pharmacologists' constant struggle is to reconcile in vitro and in vivo results. A thorough grasp of the in vivo performance is one of the main objectives of pharmacological screening. Therefore, it would be praiseworthy to establish in vitro assessments that might be connected to in vivo performance.