Immunoglobulin E and Serum Interleukin-13 and Bacteria in Patients with Alopecia Areata

Abstract

Alopecia areata (AA) is a form of hair loss that does not result in permanent scars. The etiopathology of it is not completely understood. To evaluate the serum concentration of immunoglobulin E (IgE) and interleukin-13 (IL-13) in patients diagnosed with AA and determine the bacterial strain present in individuals with infections. The study comprised a sample of 60 women afflicted with alopecia areata and 30 women who were in good health, serving as controls.The levels of IgE and IL-13 in the serum were evaluated using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay test(ELISA). The microorganisms were identified by conventional techniques and verified using Vitek technology. for IgE showed highly significant differences (p value < 0.1) Between patients and the control group, Regarding IL-13, the results showed significant differences (p value < 0.05), Between patients and the control group, Regarding age As for IgE, there is no significant difference between patients in the three groups    (p value > 0.05), but it is different from the control (p value < 0.05).IL-13 There are significant differences (p value < 0.05). Among adults, the level of interleukin is higher than that of middle and young people. The weight-related results demonstrated significant variability across patients (p value < 0.05), with obese individuals exhibiting higher levels of IGE and IL-13 compared to those of medium and underweight. Regarding, In relation to bacteria, the percentages were as stated S.epedermidis (50.98%) , (S.aureus33.33%) mixed , S.aureus + S.epedermidis , (9.8%) E.coli (1.96%) Pseudomonas aeruginosa(1.96 %) , Granulicatella elegans  (1.96%) .Total is IgE and IL-13 increased in patients with alopecia areata, Regarding bacteria, we need other studies to prove their role in alopecia areata.