MASHAITS: ISLAMIC INTERPRETATION OF THE GREEK PHILOSOPHICAL HERITAGE

Abstract

The article reveals the influence of Greek philosophy on the formation of Islamic philosophy in the east in the 9-13th centuries, the development of falsafa and the emergence of the direction of the Mashshaites - Eastern peripatetics. The development and influence of Arabic-speaking peripatetism was prepared by two main factors, and first of all - the spread of Aristotelism in the territories that later became part of the Arab caliphate, in the period immediately preceding the Arab conquests. The second factor in the development of Arabic peripatetism was the active translation movement of the 9–10 centuries, as a result of which the Greek philosophical heritage was translated into Arabic. One of the main issues in classical Arab-Muslim philosophy was the relationship between philosophy and religion. The peculiarity of the development of the Mashshaite philosophy was that in the field of the spread of the Muslim religion, the scholasticism did not form and did not develop, as was the case in medieval Europe, i.e. philosophy and religion were not connected with each other so that there was a question of the subordination of one of them to the other. However, it was not possible to avoid clashes in the views of the Mashshaites and Orthodox theologians. This can be seen in the ontology and epistemology of Islamic philosophy.