“An Analytical Study of Insulin Resistance (HOMA-IR) And Obesity Indices in Obese Non-Diabetic Population at a Tertiary Care Hospital in Western Maharashtra”

Abstract

Introduction: Obesity is a growing global concern, with a doubled number of children and adolescents with type 2 diabetes. Obesity is associated with insulin resistance, which causes T2DM and hypertension. The pandemic has increased obesity cases, and the homeostasis model of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) can help stratify diabetes risk in Asian Indians beyond obesity. Methodology: This study surveyed 60 non-diabetic obese patients at Krishna Hospital & Medical Research Centre over 18 months. The study assessed insulin resistance using the HOMA-IR index. Data analysis included anthropometric measurements, blood pressure, and laboratory investigations. The study was approved by the institutional ethics committee. Results: A study of 60 non-diabetic patients found that 38.33% were over 60 years old, with a mean age of 53.88 ±14.41 years. The study also evaluated blood sugar parameters, with 20 patients (33.33%) being insulin sensitive and 40 (66.67%) insulin resistant. The mean age of insulin-sensitive patients was 59.05 years, while those with insulin resistance were 54.18 years. The study found no significant difference in systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, or HbA1c levels between the insulin-sensitive and insulin-resistant groups. Discussion: The study reveals an older, male-dominated population in the Asian Indian population, with a higher prevalence of obesity and metabolic disorders. The majority (66.67%) exhibit insulin resistance, a marker for assessing insulin sensitivity and predicting diabetes risk. Differences in FBS levels, HbA1c levels, and fasting insulin levels between insulin-sensitive and resistant groups highlight the complex interplay between obesity, insulin resistance, and metabolic parameters. The study highlights the importance of BMI and waist circumference in assessing metabolic health. Conclusion: The study found that obesity, lipid profile, blood sugars, and metabolic syndrome are significant factors in insulin resistance, emphasizing the need for effective management.