Impact of Pressure Biofeedback Analysis on Movement Control Exercise for Non-Specific Low Back Pain Treatment

Abstract

Introduction: Low back pain in the class of prevalent musculoskeletal conditions, with almost 90% of cases classified as non-specific low back pain (NSLBP). Interestingly, the classification of mechanical low back pain (LBP) includes movement control deficits, specifically uncontrolled lumbo-pelvic movements, reflecting a deficit in controlling active movements in day-to-day life. The pressure biofeedback unit is accustomed to assess the functional stability of the trunk.
Various traditional exercise protocols have been applied without making any sub-classifications. It is inappropriate to apply the same programs to all subjects with back pain.
This study aims to identify the type of movement control impairments, assess them through a pressure biofeedback unit, and treat patients with corresponding movement control exercises tailored to their specific impairments.
Aim: To ascertain the effect of movement control exercise (MCE) on NSLBP subjects using pressure biofeedback unit.
Material and Methods: In this study, totally 40 subjects with non-specific low back pain (NSLBP) were selected. They were divided into two groups: an experimental group (Group A) and a control group (Group B), each consisting of 20 subjects, using proper randomization. Pre-test assessment was conducted using the movement control dysfunction test and a pressure biofeedback unit. Group A received treatment with movement control exercises, while Group B underwent spinal extension exercises and a back care program. Post-test assessment was carried out after the intervention.
Results: The research study included 40 patients, with Group A comprising 20 patients receiving movement control exercises and Group B comprising 20 patients receiving spinal extension exercises. The results showed a reduction in pain, uncontrolled flexion, uncontrolled extension, and uncontrolled rotation patterns in both groups (p value, <0.05). However, the comparison between Group A and Group B revealed that movement control exercises resulted in greater improvement than spinal extension exercises.
Conclusion: Based on the findings, it can be concluded that movement control exercises are more effective than spinal extension exercises in treating NSLBP.