Perceptions Related to Menstruation Among Male Medical Students in Chengalpattu, Tamil Nadu- A Qualitative Study

Abstract

Background: Menstruation being a normal physiological process is often associated with myths and misconceptions with cultural diversities. Such taboos include restrictions in their diet, participation in cooking, visiting places of worship, as well as having to sit or sleep separately from the rest of the household. Most men are unaware about the normal physiology of menstruation. And those men who know still lack understanding of what a woman goes through physically and emotionally. This study aims to understand the views, perceptions and beliefs of male medical students towards menstruation.
Materials and Methods: This is an Ethnographic study undertaken among male medical students in a Tertiary care teaching hospital in Chengalpattu, Tamil Nadu. The study was conducted for a duration of 2 weeks, from May 3rd to May 17th ,2024. 16 male medical students were chosen by purposive sampling as representatives from all years. Qualitative data was collected by techniques like Free Listing and Pile sorting, Participatory Research Techniques like Pair wise ranking and Force Field Analysis and In depth techniques like Focus Group Discussions. The data obtained were analysed to deduce networks, codes and themes.
Results: The results state that the participants consider media as the most important factor influencing perceptions towards menstruation and education as the factor that least influences perceptions towards the same. The results from the Force Field Analysis activity is such that the participants consider sex education through social media as the most influential facilitator of positive perceptions towards menstruation. The FGD demonstrates the tension between traditional beliefs and the evolving professional roles of male medical students.
Conclusion: The findings reveal that media significantly shapes their views, often more so than formal education. Addressing these educational gaps can help dispel myths, reduce misconceptions, and foster a more supportive environment for women. Future research should expand to include diverse populations and longitudinal studies.