STUDY OF HISTOPATHOLOGIC SPECTRUM OF HEPATIC LESIONS WITH CLINICORADIOLOGICAL CORRELATION

Abstract

INTRODUCTION: Liver biopsy is crucial for diagnosing hepatic lesions, as it is the primary organ for metabolic activities and is exposed to various diseases. Hepatic core needle biopsies are the most accurate method, as liver function tests are not diagnostically specific. Imaging, serum markers, and pathological investigations aid in diagnosis and management. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The study involved 38 liver biopsies from a tertiary care center over two years, examining clinical and radiological findings, and liver function tests. The study evaluated predictive values and correlations between clinical radiological findings and histopathological diagnosis on core needle biopsies. Results: The study examined 38 cases of hepatic lesions from July 2020 to May 2022, focusing on clinical, radiological, and histopathological diagnosis. The majority of cases were aged over 65, with a slight male preponderance. The most common diagnosis was known carcinoma breast with hepatic metastasis and hepatocellular carcinoma. Elevated aspartate amino transferase, alanine transaminase, hypoproteinemia, and serum bilirubin levels were common. Discussion: The study emphasized the importance of histopathology in diagnosing hepatic lesions and assessing the correlation between imaging findings and histopathological diagnosis. Liver pathology is divided into neoplastic and non-neoplastic diseases, and histopathological assessment is crucial for definitive diagnosis. The study evaluated the clinicoradiological and histopathological characteristics of patients with hepatic lesions who underwent core needle biopsy. The results showed a significant relationship between histopathology results and radiology findings. The majority of patients were male, with a male to female ratio of 1:0.81. The most common chief complaints were abdominal pain, weight loss, distention, fever, jaundice, vomiting, itching, and anorexia. The study also found a significant correlation between radiological and histopathology findings. The majority of patients diagnosed with metastatic adenocarcinoma were metastasis with unknown primary and metastatic gastrointestinal stromal tumor. Conclusion: Liver biopsy is crucial for accurate diagnosis and management of hepatic diseases, enhancing diagnostic accuracy with the combination of radiological patterns and serum markers.