CLINICOPATHOLOGICAL STUDY OF SURGICALLY RESECTED SPECIMENS OF LARGE BOWEL

Abstract

Introduction:The large intestine and anal canal are sites for various diseases, including infections, vascular disorders, ulcers, and neoplasms. Early diagnosis is crucial for proper treatment, and endoscopy is the most common procedure. Colorectal carcinoma is the third most common cancer in the US and the third leading cause of cancer-related deaths. Pathologists play a central role in evaluating prognostic factors and staging, and removing adenomas can decrease the incidence of colorectal cancer. Age is the most important risk factor for colorectal cancer.Aims:The study aims to analyze large bowel resection specimens in a tertiary care hospital's histopathology section, examining histological patterns, distribution, and categorizing lesions into non-neoplastic and neoplastic types.
Methodology: The study examines the anatomical relationships between the colorectum and visceral peritoneum in colon cancer resection, emphasizing the need for adjuvant radiotherapy. It discusses standard surgical techniques, clinical history, and neo-adjuvant treatment. Accurate TNM staging and margin assessment are crucial for prognosis and post-operative management.Results:The study examined 176 surgical specimens from July 2022 to June 2024, revealing a majority of cases in males aged 31-40, with inflammatory lesions, benign cases, and malignant tumors.Discussion:The study reveals that the majority of lesions in large intestines are inflammatory, with malignant tumors being the most common, primarily in males aged 31-40.Conclusion: Research shows large intestine lesions mainly occur in males aged 30-60, with histopathological examination crucial for diagnosis, prognosis, and classification of tumors and inflammatory infiltrates.