“STUDY OF CHOLELITHIASIS AND ASSOCIATED BIOCHEMICAL PARAMETERS”

Abstract

Introduction: Cholelithiasis is a biliary disorder causing gallstones in the gallbladder or bile ducts, influenced by factors like age, gender, ethnicity, dietary habits, and genetics. Cholesterol stones account for 75-80% of gallstones, with women more affected. Factors like obesity, diabetes, and genetic mutations increase the risk. Diagnosis relies on ultrasound and imaging techniques like CT, MRI, and ERCP. Aims: The study aims to investigate the correlation between gallstone disease and biochemical parameters and develop a screening guideline for early detection of cholelithiasis. Methodology: The study compared biochemical parameters associated with cholelithiasis and identified risk factors and biomarkers between patients with gallstone disease and healthy controls at Krishna Hospital. Results: Gallstone disease patients have higher calorie intake and carbohydrates, but lower protein and fat intake increases risk. Treatment improves biochemical parameters, with males having higher fasting blood sugar and cholesterol levels. Discussion: The study found no significant age difference between gallstone disease patients and controls, with both males and females equally likely to develop gallstones. Hypertension, diabetes, and hyperlipidemia were more prevalent. Treatment improved biochemical parameters, possibly linked to impaired glucose metabolism. Conclusion: The study emphasizes the link between dietary habits, obesity, and metabolic disturbances and gallstone formation, emphasizing the need for comprehensive management strategies, routine screening, and early intervention to reduce gallstone disease incidence and complications.