Assessment of Genetic Variation in Indian Dill (A. graveolens) Germplasm Using SSR and RAPD Molecular Markers

Abstract

Studies on genetic diversity and molecular characterization of Indian dill (Anethumgravolelens L.) germplasm are important for the conservation, management, and development of valuable plants and crops. The essential oil, seeds, and leaves of dill have a rich antioxidant content. The plant is found naturally in southwest asia but is farmed in Europe, India, the United States, and other areas. This research focused on 120 Anethum graveolens accessions collected from various countries to evaluate the genetic diversity employing SSR and RAPD markers. A relatively high SSR read count of 6.3 (JD × 95 × 165) was detected in all genotypes for the selected 15 SSR and 15 RAPD primers, resulting in a total of 120 highly reproducible bands; RAPD analysis generated 90 bands, 80% of which were polymorphic, indicating significant genetic variation among dill accessions. The percentage of polymorphism was 15.50%. The parameters of genetic diversity were calculated. The high genetic diversity in all accessions can be seen in the H values of Nei, which range from 1.8 to 6.3 (1.8 - JD-01-18 to 6.3 - JD-95-165), with an average of 4.05. All accessions show excessive genetic variety. The maximum variety became determined to be H. The 120 accessions were divided into two major corporations after a cluster evaluation of the RAPD facts.