Comparative analysis of Phenotypic and Genotypic Characterization of E. coliand Klebsiella pneumoniae in Diabetic Foot Ulcer

Abstract

Background:
Diabetic foot ulcers (DFUs) are a common complication in people with diabetes, often leading to severe infections caused by microorganisms, including Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae.
Objectives:
This study is to conduct a comparative examination of the phenotypic and genotypic characteristics of these two bacterial pathogens isolated from DFUs. The collected samples were from diabetic patients with foot ulcers for analysisand identified the bacterial isolates through standard microbiological techniques, including culture, Gram staining, and biochemical tests. Subsequently, molecular methods, such as polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and sequencing, were employed to analyze specific genetic markers connected to virulence and antibiotic resistance.
Results:
Our results demonstrated distinct phenotypic traits between E. coli and K. pneumoniae, with varying biochemical profiles and antibiotic sensitivity patterns. Genotypically, we identified key virulence factors in both species, including extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL) genes and other resistance determinants. The comparative analysis demonstrated significant variations in the prevalence of these genetic traits, which correlate with the clinical outcomes observed in patients with DFUs.
Conclusion:
Understanding the phenotypic and genotypic distinctions between E. coli and K. pneumoniae in the context of DFUs supplies critical insights into their pathogenicity and resistance mechanisms. This understanding can influence the design of targeted therapeutic strategies and improve management protocols for diabetic patients, ultimately enhancing patient outcomes and reducing the impact of diabetic foot infections.