A Cross-sectional study of Maternal, Socioeconomic, and Clinical Determinants of Intrauterine Death

Abstract

Objective: To identify the predominant causes of intrauterine death in the study population and assess the associations between age, socioeconomic status, and BMI
Methodology: This retrospective study analyzed 59 participants to assess maternal factors and causes of intrauterine deaths (IUFDs). Data on obstetric history, BMI, socioeconomic status, and fetal outcomes were collected using a structured proforma. Placental and cord evaluations, along with investigation reviews, were performed. Statistical analysis identified significant associations, with congenital anomalies and severe preeclampsia emerging as leading causes of IUFD. Findings were compared with existing literature to highlight risk factors and improve antenatal care strategies.
Result:This study analyzed 59 participants (mean age 27.63 ± 1.47 years), predominantly from the APL category (74.6%) and with normal BMI (81.4%, mean 23.42 ± 1.31). Most (57.6%) had a degree, and 22% completed 10th grade. Severe preeclampsia (33.9%) and congenital anomalies (45.8%) were the leading causes of intrauterine death, followed by polyhydramnios, severe IUGR, abruption, and GDM. Socioeconomic status, BMI, and age did not show significant association with intrauterine death(p>0.3). The findings highlight congenital anomalies and severe preeclampsia as major contributors, emphasizing the need for improved maternal health monitoring to reduce these outcomes.
Conclusion:This study identifies congenital anomalies and severe preeclampsia as the leading causes of intrauterine death. No significant links were found with age, socioeconomic status, or BMI, emphasizing the need to address maternal health to reduce intrauterine death rates.