Comparison Between Luxators and Periotomes in Atraumatic Non-Surgical Extraction of Single Rooted Maxillary and Mandibular Teeth- A Double Blind Randomised Controlled Trial

Abstract

Introduction: Atraumatic extraction plays an important role when it comes to dental implant rehabilitation. As there are various tooth extraction systems are used and regularly upgraded.
Aim: To evaluate the efficacy of luxators versus periotomes as an aid to atraumatic non-surgical extraction of single rooted maxillary and mandibular teeth in terms of buccal/labial cortical plate preservation, procedure duration, postoperative pain and soft tissue injury.
Materials And Methods: A double blind, randomised controlled clinical trial conducted at Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Karpaga Vinayaga Institute of Dental Sciences, Chengalpet, India from April 2023 to November 2024 involved 123 patients aged 18-60 years who required extraction of maxillary and mandibular single rooted teeth were included. The subjects were randomised into group A (underwent extraction with luxators and conventional extraction forceps) and group B (underwent extraction with periotomes and conventional extraction forceps). Clinical assessment was conducted to evaluate post operative pain, duration of operation and soft tissue injury. Statistical analysis was performed using Chi square test and independent t-test.
Results: The majority of patients were within the age group of 40-55 years, with 68 males and 52 females. Both the groups reported significantly (p≤0.005) higher visual analogue score at Day 0 and 3. On intergroup comparison shows statistically significant at Day 0, 3rd and 5th day. The mean operation time was found to be 15.92±3.61 in Group A and 15.82±2.11 in Group B but these differences were not statistically significant (p=0.866). However, fewer soft tissue laceration were observed with periotome of <5mm length (grade I) whereas with luxators the grading found to be increased (Grade II &III) and found to be statistically insignificant (p<0.005).
Conclusion: The use of periotomes along with conventional extraction forceps proved to be more efficient choice for non-surgical extraction of single rooted maxillary and mandibular teeth.