Antimicrobial and antibiofilm activities of Gymnema sylvestre methanolic extract against catheter associated urinary tract infections and their anti-oxidant activity

Abstract

The catheter associated urinary tract infections (CAUTI) are gaining much attraction due to their high rate of morbidity and mortality. Therefore, urgent for alternative antimicrobial agent to fight against CAUTI. However, in the study Gymnema sylvestre methanolic crude extracts antimicrobial activity and antibiofilm activity were investigated against Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, Enterococcus faecalis and Candid albicans. The antimicrobial activity was studied through agar diffusion method which showed potent antimicrobial activity against test pathogens. The very minimal inhibitory concentrations of G. sylvestre methanolic crude extract was detected using micro dilution method and exhibited 1 mg/ml was required for S. aureus, E. coli, E. faecalis inhibition and 2 mg/ml against C. albicans. Moreover, the anti-biofilm activity was quantified through crystal violet assay wherein the G. sylvestre methanolic crude extract effectively inhibited the test pathogens biofilm formation upto their MIC level. Also, the effect of G. sylvestre methanolic crude extract was investigated on test pathogens mature biofilms and efficiently eradicated the 85%, 88%, 81% and 84% of S. aureus, E. faecalis, E. coli and C. albicans biofilms correspondingly. The G. sylvestre methanolic crude extract coated catheter tube antimicrobial activity was studied through in vitro bladder model and exposed potent activity against test pathogens. The G. sylvestre methanolic crude extract antioxidant property was studied and the extract was not revealed any cytotoxic effect to normal cells. Altogether, the antimicrobial and anti-biofilm activity of G. sylvestre methanolic crude extract suggested that it can be an alternative agent for CAUTI treatment.