Comparison of Serum Magnesium Levels in Well-Controlled and Poorly Controlled Bronchial Asthma Among Children and Healthy Controls at a Tertiary Care Hospital

Abstract

Background: Asthma is one of the most common chronic diseases worldwide and has been increasing in prevalence over the last few decades. Magnesium ion has an inhibitory action on smooth muscle contraction, histamine release from mast cells and acetylcholine release from cholinergic nerve terminals. Magnesium has been shown to relax bronchial smooth muscles and influence the function of respiratory muscles. Hypomagnesemia have been associated with diminished respiratory muscle power.
Objectives: To compare the serum Mg levels in children with bronchial asthma in well controlled and poorly controlled and with healthy non asthmatic children in Vinayaka Mission Kirupananda Variyar Medical College and Hospital, Salem.
Methodology: Children with established asthma were to be identified in pediatric asthma clinic, at Vinayaka Mission Kirupananda Variyar Medical College and Hospital, Salem after obtaining written informed consent from parents- detailed history, clinical examination to be done. Using GINA guidelines cases were to be divided into well controlled and poorly controlled groups. A third group comprised of healthy children. Venous blood samples of 2ml were to be drawn and sent to laboratory.
Results: Serum Mg levels were significantly lower in poorly controlled asthmatic patients compared with well controlled and healthy controls. There was a positive correlation between serum Mg levels and control level of asthma in children.
Conclusion: Identifying lower magnesium levels earlier and avoidance of triggering factors can reduce the frequent exacerbations and control of asthma.