Successful Live Saving Management Critical CHD By Early Diagnosed Fetal Echocardiography

Abstract

Fetal echocardiography is a vital tool for identifying and assessing congenital heart disease (CHD), which accounts for 1% of live births globally. It offers significant prenatal and postnatal care benefits, potentially saving lives in severe cases, specially in critical a critical congenital heart disease (CCHD) cases. Early fetal echocardiography, conducted between 18-22 weeks of gestation, is recommended for fetuses with ductus venosus flow abnormality, increased nuchal translucency, or other CHD-like indicators. Early diagnosis allows for timely treatment and a better understanding of CHD effects. However, its use in developing countries remains limited due to high costs and lack of integrated health services. Prenatal diagnosis improves outcomes and survival rates of severe CHDs. However, there are limitations in implementing fetal echocardiography for early diagnosis, such as lower detection rates of cardiac abnormalities on screening ultrasound and difficulty obtaining complete fetal echocardiography views during early gestation. In this report, we present a case of a pregnancy with the result of fetal chocardiography were critical pulmonary stenosis, reduced flow from the right ventricle to the pulmonary artery, an open patent ductus arteriosus (PDA), and a patent foramen ovale (PFO) that was effectively managed in the infant after birth with prostaglandin infus and percutaneous transluminal balloon valvuloplasty (PTBV).