Incidence and Microbiological Profile of Surgical Site Infections in Closed Fractures Treated by Internal Fixation in a Tertiary Care Hospital

Abstract

Objective: To determine the incidence and microbiological profile of surgical site infections (SSI) in closed fractures treated by internal fixation with intramedullary interlocking nails. Methods: A prospective, observational study was conducted involving 141 patients with closed femur and tibia fractures treated by internal fixation over two years. SSIs were classified and monitored based on CDC guidelines, with regular post-operative follow-ups for infection assessment. Results: The incidence of SSIs was 5%, with Staphylococcus aureus identified as the predominant causative organism. Diabetes emerged as the most common comorbidity. Patients who developed SSIs experienced significantly longer hospital stays, highlighting the burden on healthcare resources. Conclusion: While the incidence of SSIs in orthopedic closed fractures is manageable with stringent protocols, extended hospital stays for infected patients notably increase healthcare costs and impact patient quality of life, underscoring the need for targeted preventive measures.