Plyometric Exercise as a Therapeutic Strategy for Improving Strength and Postural Control in Stroke Patients: A Narrative Review

Abstract

Stroke is a leading cause of disability worldwide, often resulting in muscle weakness and impaired postural control that hinder functional independence. Traditional rehabilitation strategies have shown limited effectiveness in fully restoring motor function. Plyometric exercise, characterized by rapid, explosive movements, has emerged as a promising intervention to enhance neuromuscular coordination, strength, and postural stability in stroke patients. This narrative review explores the theoretical framework, biomechanical principles, and neurophysiological adaptations associated with plyometric training in stroke rehabilitation. Evidence suggests that plyometric exercises can improve muscle strength, dynamic balance, and functional mobility by leveraging the stretch-shortening cycle and neuromuscular plasticity. While preliminary studies indicate positive outcomes, concerns regarding safety and feasibility remain, necessitating individualized training protocols and further high-quality clinical trials. Integrating plyometric training into post-stroke rehabilitation programs may offer an innovative approach to optimizing recovery and enhancing patients’ quality of life.