EFFECTS OF TEMPERATURES AND TIME ON THE STABILITY OF KETAMINE IN URINE SAMPLES

Abstract

ABSTRACT:
Introduction: if you are unable to analyse the urine sample within an hour, the sample should be kept in a closed plastic container and refrigerated at about 4°C. It should not be kept for more than a day in room temperature. If the urine sample was not refrigerated, bacteria in it may grow. In addition, the test results may be impacted if this takes place.

Therefore, in order to stop bacterial development and preserve drug concentrations in the urine sample, preservatives need to be added and employed when samples are being stored for a long amount of time.

Objectives: The objectives of this study is to assess the stability of Ketamine in urine samples stored at different temperature and time period by adding the preservatives and without adding the preservatives.

Methods: Extraction was done by using direct method we added 5 ml of urine to Toxi tube-A then we added 50 μl of internal standard, after vortex and centrifuge clear supernatant was taken and evaporated and in the end it was collected with 50 μl of Ethyl Acetate and injected to GC-MS by using Direct method.

Results: The preservative is useful to maintain the safe of the sample, so it’s added to the sample to prevent spoilage caused by bacteria, melds, fungus, and yeast which can affect the reading of the results.

The best concentrations that we saw was while adding the preservative because most of the samples maintained the same concentrations and it didn’t affect the concentrations of the samples because preservative can prevent deterioration from microorganism, enzymes, and exposure to oxygen.

On the other hand, formaldehyde was useful too so formaldehyde can be chosen as another source to preserve or save the sample because formaldehyde made up from carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen so it works as anti-bacterial, and it works by interacting with molecules on the cell membrane and in the body tissues to disrupt cellular functions.so formaldehyde can be chosen as another choice to preserve and maintain the sample.

Conclusions: Temperatures can impact microbial growth, so most of the microbes within certain temperature can grow optimally. So, at lower temperature microbes grow slower and at higher temperatures microbes can grow more quickly. That’s why regarding the temperatures we notice the best concentrations at -20 ° C followed by 4 ° C and then comes the room temperature and in the end 40 ° C.