Study Of Impact On Dietary Pattern Of Children During And Following COVID-19 Lockdown In Various Socio Economic Groups

Abstract

Background The COVID-19 pandemic and subsequent lockdowns had significant effects on lifestyle and dietary behaviors, particularly among children. Changes in food accessibility, increased screen time, reduced physical activity, and psychological stress contributed to altered dietary patterns across various socioeconomic groups. Objective This study aimed to evaluate the impact of COVID-19 lockdown on the dietary patterns of school-going children from different
socioeconomic backgrounds and to assess whether these changes persisted post-lockdown.
Methods A cross-sectional observational study was conducted among 385 school-going children (ages 11-18) in Noida and Greater Noida. A food frequency questionnaire was used to collect data on meal composition, snacking habits, and consumption of various food groups before, during, and after the lockdown. Statistical analysis was performed using IBM SPSS Statistics 27.0, with a significance level set at p<0.05.
Results Snacking and fast-food consumption increased during lockdown, with 13% of children maintaining these habits post-lockdown. While staple food intake remained stable, processed food consumption (bread, biscuits, pasta, ice cream, chocolates) rose after restrictions lifted. Fruit and vegetable intake improved, but sweets and sugary beverage consumption also increased. Socioeconomic status influenced food accessibility and choices.
Conclusion The COVID-19 lockdown increased snacking and processed food intake, with some persistent unhealthy habits. While fruit and vegetable consumption improved post-lockdown, targeted nutritional interventions are needed to promote healthier eating.