Sustainable Physical Activity Programs: Their Effectiveness in Reducing Carbon Footprints in Higher Education Institutions

Abstract

Introduction: Universities play a critical role in advancing sustainability, with eco-friendly sports emerging as a key initiative to promote physical and mental well-being while reducing environmental impact. However, student participation remains moderate due to infrastructure limitations, accessibility challenges, and institutional barriers.

Objectives: This study aims to investigate the relationship between student perception, participation, and sustainability outcomes in university-led eco-friendly sports programs.

Methods: Using a quantitative research design, data were collected from 300 university students via structured surveys and analysed using descriptive, correlation, regression analyses, and Life Cycle Assessment (LCA).

Results: Results indicate a moderate perception of eco-friendly sports (M = 3.08, SD = 0.89) and participation levels (M = 3.12, SD = 1.03). A strong positive correlation (r = 0.68) between participation and carbon footprint reduction suggests that students actively engaging in eco-friendly sports contribute significantly to emission reductions. Regression analysis confirms that participation is the strongest predictor of carbon footprint reduction (β = 0.78, R² = 0.72), emphasizing the need for behavioral interventions beyond awareness campaigns. LCA findings reveal that eco-friendly sports reduce emissions by an average of 6.64 kg CO₂ per participant, validating their role in sustainability efforts.

Conclusions: The study highlights the need for universities to enhance infrastructure, implement behavioral incentives, and integrate sustainability into academic and extracurricular activities. Future research should explore long-term behavioral trends and institutional strategies to sustain participation. By fostering a culture of eco-friendly sports, universities can reduce carbon footprints, improve student health, and support Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) 3 and 13.