A COMPARATIVE STUDY OF RENAL PARAMETERS AMONG CHRONIC OBSTRUCTIVE PULMONARY DISEASE PATIENTS WITH DIABETES MELLITUS AS A COMORBIDITY

Abstract

Background:
COPD is associated with impaired kidney function and in hypoxemic and hypercapnic patients effective renal flow was found to be reduced. These changes may be reflective of increased renin-angiotensin system activity seen in COPD patients. To investigate the impact of COPD with T2DM as a comorbidity on renal parameters, focusing on the levels of urea, creatinine, blood urea nitrogen (BUN), and urine microalbuminuria. Understanding these interactions is crucial for improving the management of patients with these comorbid conditions, as early detection and intervention can mitigate the progression of renal complications and enhance the quality of life for these patients
Since Type 2 DM is a confounding factor for renal dysfunction so to avoid confounding factor age and duration of disease will be matched between two groups.
METHODOLOGY:
Institution based prospective observation study -1 yr.
Sample Size: 39(minimum of 39 patients with T2DM and COPD and 39 patients with only T2DM)
Sampling Technique : Institution based prospective observation study
RESULTS: out of 78patients,patientswith Type- 2 DM and COPD group(39)had significant progression in microalbuminuria at 6 months follow up compared to Diabetes alone (39) (p<0.01) mean microalbuminuria in Diabetes group was at 1st visit and follow up were 232.62 and 239.56 respectively and COPD with Type 2 DM group at 1st visit and follow up were 365.64 and 450.33 respectively . Mean age of patients with Type 2 DM and COPD with type 2 DM were 59.1 and 59.9 respectively , significant changes were found in urea and creatinine levels in both the groups(p<0.01). BUN levels of COPD with Type 2 DM ( mean 26.08) compared to type 2 DM alone (mean 14.23) was significant (p<0.01)

CONCLUSION:
Patients with both COPD And Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (DM) exhibit significantly higher levels of Blood urea nitrogen (BUN), creatinine and urine microalbumin compared to those with DMalone, indicating more severe renal impairment. The compounded effects of COPD And DM—>chronic hypoxia, systemic Inflammation, and microvascular complications—>exacerbate renal dysfunction.