Comparison of Force Degradation Between Memory Elastic Chains and Conventional Chains: An in Vitro Study

Abstract

Background: Orthodontic elastic chains are commonly used to provide continuous force for tooth movement. Conventional elastomeric chains are widely utilized, but they experience significant force degradation over time, potentially affecting treatment efficiency. This study compares the force degradation of memory elastic chains and conventional elastomeric chains under standardized in vitro conditions. To evaluate and compare the force degradation patterns of memory elastic chains and conventional elastomeric chains over a specified period and assess the impact of different chemical treatments on force retention.

Materials and Methods: This in vitro study included 150 specimens, with 75 memory elastic chains and 75 conventional chains. The chains were subjected to various chemical treatments, including mouth rinses and dentifrice, over predetermined time intervals (0, 1st, 7th, 14th, and 28th day). Force measurements were recorded using a calibrated force gauge, and statistical analysis was conducted using repeated-measures ANOVA and post hoc tests.

Results: Both memory and conventional elastic chains exhibited force degradation over time. However, memory elastic chains retained a significantly higher force compared to conventional chains, particularly in the later weeks. The interaction of time and treatment was significant, indicating variations in force degradation patterns across different treatments. Conventional chains showed moderate slopes of force decline, whereas memory chains demonstrated more stable force retention.

Conclusion: Memory elastic chains exhibit superior force retention compared to conventional elastomeric chains, making them a more efficient option for prolonged orthodontic applications. Their ability to sustain force over time may reduce the need for frequent adjustments, improving patient compliance and treatment efficiency. Further in vivo studies are recommended to validate these findings in clinical settings.