Coronary Artery Disease in Patients of Peripheral Arterial Disease: An Observational Study

Abstract

Introduction: Patients often have both coronary artery disease (CAD) and peripheral arterial disease (PAD), and they have similar risk factors, such as hypertension, diabetes, and hyperlipidemia. CAD is an important clinical problem in PAD patients because of their increased cardiovascular risk.
Objectives: To determine the prevalence of CAD in patients with PAD and identify the common risk factors for both diseases.
Materials and Methods: From the year 2024, January to June, a cross-sectional observational study was conducted at Social Security Hospital Faisalabad, Pakistan on 100 patients with PAD, screening them for CAD using clinical evaluations and diagnostic modality imaging techniques.
Results: The study demonstrated that 58% of PAD patients had CAD. The most common risk factors were hypertension (70%), diabetes (62%) and dyslipidemia (55%), respectively. Further, one in five patients with CAD were asymptomatic, indicating the need for early screening.
Conclusion: PAD patients exhibit CAD with risk factors contributing to the higher cardiovascular burden. It is essential to have early screening and management.