EARLY PREDICTION OF GESTATIONAL HYPERTENSION USING Β-HCG LEVELS: A CROSS-SECTIONAL STUDY IN A TERTIARY HOSPITAL DHAKA, BANGLADESH

Abstract

Background: Gestational hypertension (GH) is a common pregnancy complication that poses significant risks to maternal and fetal health. Early detection is crucial for effective management and improved outcomes. Beta-human chorionic gonadotropin (β-HCG) has been investigated as a potential biomarker for predicting GH, yet its clinical utility remains underexplored. Aim of the study: This study aims to assess the association between β-HCG levels and the early detection of gestational hypertension in pregnant women in a tertiary hospital in Dhaka, Bangladesh. Methods: A cross-sectional observational study was conducted on 110 pregnant women between 14 and 19 weeks of gestation. Serum β-HCG levels were measured using a chemiluminescence-based assay, and blood pressure was monitored throughout pregnancy. Participants were classified into hypertensive and normotensive groups, and statistical analysis was performed to determine the correlation between β-HCG levels and GH. Result: The study found a significant association between elevated β-HCG levels and gestational hypertension (p < 0.001). Women with β-HCG levels above 80,000 mIU/ml had a higher likelihood of developing GH, with severe hypertension occurring in 75% of cases in this group. No cases of GH were observed among participants with β-HCG levels below 30,000 mIU/ml. The findings suggest a dose-dependent relationship between β-HCG levels and GH severity. Conclusion: Elevated β-HCG levels in the second trimester may serve as a useful biomarker for predicting gestational hypertension. These findings support the potential for β-HCG screening as a non-invasive tool for early GH detection, enabling timely interventions and better pregnancy outcomes.