Toxicity Assessment of Hexaconazole to a Fish (Channa punctatus, Bloch) using certain Hepatic Biomarker Enzymes

Abstract

Hexaconazole (5% EC) is a broad-spectrum fungicide with long-term ecotoxicological effects, posing a risk to the environment and human health. It treats many fungal infections in crop fields. The study assesses the acute toxicity and biochemical changes in Channa punctatus exposed to the fungicide hexaconazole. Within the acute toxicity test, 96hr-LC50 values of hexaconazole of 80.0 mg/l. Hepatic biomarker enzymes such as alkaline phosphatase and alanine transaminase levels were dose and duration-dependent increases/decreases. The changes within the hepatic biomarker enzymes in Channa punctatus are warning indications that their existence in their natural environment seems jeopardized. Hence, the current study reveals that the employment of hexaconazole was classified among substances harmful to fish. The build-up of the fungicide within the muscle tissue in fishes might be hazardous to living organisms.