The Role of Endometrial Hyperplasia in Pregnancy Outcomes for Infertile Patients Undergoing IVF Treatment

Abstract

Background: Endometrial hyperplasia is a condition characterized by abnormal thickening of the endometrial lining and has been implicated in the reduced success of in vitro fertilization (IVF).

Objective: This study aims to evaluate the impact of endometrial hyperplasia on pregnancy outcomes in infertile patients undergoing IVF treatment.

Methods: This retrospective study was conducted at Maternity Hospital Chohan Road Lahore during June 2024 to November 2024. A total of 128 patients, all diagnosed with infertility and seeking IVF treatment, were included in this study. Patients aged 20-40 years, a history of infertility (including primary and secondary infertility), and those who underwent at least one IVF cycle during the study period were included in the study. Patients with significant uterine abnormalities, such as fibroids or polyps, were excluded from the study.

Results: The results revealed that Group 1 had significantly lower clinical pregnancy rates (43.8% vs. 65.6%, p = 0.01), implantation rates (32.3% vs. 46.5%, p = 0.02), and live birth rates (38.5% vs. 56.3%, p = 0.03) compared to Group 2. The miscarriage rate was higher in Group 1 (15.6% vs. 7.8%, p = 0.05). Additionally, the number of oocytes retrieved and the quality of embryos were significantly lower in Group 1 (p = 0.02 and p = 0.03, respectively). Endometrial thickness was significantly higher in Group 1 (16.8mm vs. 12.5mm, p < 0.01).

Conclusions: It is concluded that endometrial hyperplasia significantly reduces IVF success rates, impacting clinical pregnancy, implantation, and live birth outcomes. The thickened endometrial lining in these patients likely compromises embryo implantation and early pregnancy development.