Role Of Vitamin B12 Ischemic Stroke Risk And Outcome

Abstract

Vitamin B12 deficiency has emerged as a significant yet often overlooked factor in ischemic stroke pathophysiology. This review examines the relationship between vitamin B12 deficiency and ischemic stroke, focusing on epidemiological evidence, underlying mechanisms, and clinical outcomes. Recent studies demonstrate that vitamin B12 deficiency contributes to stroke risk through hyperhomocysteinemia, vascular endothelial dysfunction, and impaired neuronal myelination. Clinical data suggest that patients with vitamin B12 deficiency experience worse post-stroke outcomes, including longer hospital stays, poorer functional recovery, and higher recurrence rates. This paper synthesizes current evidence and highlights the importance of monitoring vitamin B12 status in stroke prevention and management strategies.