The Relationship Between NAT2 Polymorphisms And Dietary Pattern In Colorectal Carcinoma Patients Among Rural And Urban Egyptian Population

Abstract

Background: Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the second most deadly cancer worldwide. N-acetyltransferase 2 (NAT2) gene polymorphisms can influence CRC risk, particularly when associated with dietary factors like red meat consumption as the dietary westernization occurs among Egyptians especially in urban region, so the aim of this study was to evaluate the association of dietary pattern and NAT2 gene polymorphism in CRC patients.

Methods: This is a case control study, included 200 newly diagnosed CRC patients (117 males and 83 females,112 rural and 88 urban) and 200 age and sex matched healthy individuals served as a control group (115 rural and 85 urban). All subjects were genotyped for NAT2 rs1801280 (T341C) polymorphism using real time PCR analysis. Modified food frequency questionnaire (FFQ) was used.

Results: TT genotype and T allele of NAT2 gene rs1801280 polymorphism were highly represented in CRC patients with two and one-half times higher risk for TT genotype and T allele respectively to exhibit CRC compared to other genotypes and C allele. NAT2 (T/C) genotype was associated with high score unhealthy diet in CRC patients versus controls. NAT2 (C/C &T/C) genotypes were associated with a high score healthy diet in the control group versus CRC group (protective factor). Healthy dietary pattern was significant protective factor for urban residents while unhealthy dietary pattern was risk factors for rural residents.

Conclusion: T/T genotype and T allele (rapid acetylators) could be linked to increased risk for CRC among Egyptians in Dakahlia governorate. Unhealthy dietary pattern was significant risk factor for rural residents, while healthy dietary pattern was significant protective factor for CRC in urban residents.